地球与环境

文章摘要

鸡冠洞CO₂和²²²Rn变化特征以及与旅游活动关系研究

Concentration Variabilities of CO₂ and ²²²Rn in the Jiguan Cave and Their Relationship with Tourism Activities

投稿时间：2019-02-27 修订日期：2019-06-27

DOI：10.14050/j.cnki.1672-9250.2020.48.031

中文关键词: 洞穴CO₂浓度;²²²Rn;鸡冠洞;旅游活动;河南

英文关键词: cave air pCO₂;²²²Rn;Jiguan cave;tourism;Henan Province

基金项目:国家自然科学基金（41877450、41672160、41372177、40902053）；国家重点研发计划（2016YFC050230205）。

作者	单位	E-mail
田宁^1,2, 杨琰^1,2, 袁海英³, 冯湘湘^1,2, 施晓^1,2, 李建仓⁴, 段军伟⁴	1. 岩溶环境重庆市重点实验室, 西南大学地理科学学院, 重庆 400715 2. 自然资源部岩溶生态环境-重庆南川野外基地, 重庆 408435 3. 河南省地矿局第四地质勘查院, 郑州 450007 4. 河南省鸡冠洞旅游发展有限公司, 河南栾川 471500	yy2954@gmail.com

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中文摘要:

洞穴空气CO₂和²²²Rn是岩溶洞穴中重要的小气候参数，理解影响洞穴空气CO₂和²²²Rn浓度的时空变化特征及控制因素，对合理开发洞穴旅游资源有一定现实意义。本文通过2011年12月至2019年4月对我国南北气候过渡带附近河南省栾川县鸡冠洞空气CO₂和²²²Rn浓度的多时空尺度的变化特征进行监测研究，主要得到以下结论：（1）在空间变化上，洞穴空气中的CO₂和²²²Rn浓度主要受洞穴结构和通风效应的影响。越往洞内，CO₂和²²²Rn浓度越大。（2）洞穴空气中的CO₂和²²²Rn浓度季节变化特征明显，雨季上升，旱季下降，都受洞外水热环境的影响。鸡冠洞CO₂浓度变化范围为307～4 678 mg/L，受游客旅游活动的影响较为显著，空气²²²Rn浓度变化范围为 33.0～2 421.2 Bq/m³，主要受洞穴结构和通风作用的影响。（3）在昼夜尺度的变化上，洞穴空气CO₂白天上升，夜间下降，主要受旅游活动的影响。空气中的²²²Rn浓度与旅游活动的关系不明显。（4）鸡冠洞內吸入氡子体所导致的內照射人均年有效剂量为29.6 mSv/a，虽然氡子体对一般游客产生危害较小，但年累积量需考虑，尤其是鸡冠洞内一线导游的核辐射安全防护。

英文摘要:

Concentrations of CO₂ and²²²Rn are important microclimatic parameters of karst caves, and the comprehensive understanding of these parameters is of significance for developing the tourism resource of karst caves. In this paper, we studied the spatiotemporal variations of atmospheric concentrations of CO₂ and²²²Rn in the Jiguan Cave, Luanchuan, Henan Province, in the period of from December 2011 to December 2018, the main conclusions are as follows: (1) In terms of spatial variations, concentrations of CO₂ and ²²²Rn in the cave were affected mainly by structure and ventilation of the cave, the deeper in the cave, the greater concentrations of CO₂ and ²²²Rn. (2) In terms of temporal variations, concentrations of CO₂ and ²²²Rn varied seasonally and were affected by ambient hydrothermal environments of the cave, both concentrations were higher in rainy seasons and lower in dry seasons, meanwhile, the concentration of CO₂ was affected significantly by tourists' activities with a variation range of 307～4 678 mg/L, the concentration of ²²²Rn was affected mainly by structure and ventilation conditions of the cave with a variation range of 33.0～2 421.2 Bq/m³. (3) On the scale of day and night, the concentration of CO₂, which was affected mainly by tourism activities, was higher during daytime and lower during nighttime, while the concentration of ²²²Rn showed an insignificant correlation with tourism activities. (4) The internal radioactive exposure of ²²²Rn to human in the cave was calculated to be about 29.6 mSv/a, although the damage caused by the decay of ²²²Rn to general tourists was not significant, the annual accumulation should be considered, especially the nuclear radiation safety protection for the first-line guides in the cave.

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