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| 2014年北京市PM2.5质量浓度分析及比对研究 |
| Mass Concentration Analysis and Comparative Study on PM2.5 in Beijing City, China in 2014 |
| 投稿时间：2015-08-19 修订日期：2015-11-15 |
| DOI：10.14050/j.cnki.1672-9250.2016.03.005 |
| 中文关键词: PM2.5质量浓度;T/Q平行;重量法/在线比对 |
| 英文关键词: PM2.5 mass concentration;paralleled T/Q;gravimetric analysis;online report |
| 基金项目:环保部2013公益项目(201309010) |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 王燕丽1, 刘浪1, 杨文1, 韩斌1, 白志鹏1,2 | 1. 中国环境科学研究院 环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室, 北京 100012
2. 南京信息工程大学 大气环境与装备技术协同创新中心, 南京 210044 | baizp@craes.org.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本研究选择污染严重的北京作为研究区域,自2013年12月起至2014年12月,通过设在北五环中国环境科学研究院(CRAES)内的定点监测,获得375天有效平行样品(T和Q)。统计结果表明,2014年北京市PM2.5质量浓度从优良水平的6.9 μg/m3到极重污染的422.1 μg/m3,年均浓度值在100 μg/m3左右。T组和Q组线性相关,但T/Q并非定值,冬季最高,R2=0.974,对应T/Q=1.014,可能由于冬季污染程度较重,滤膜性能差异可忽略。除春季外,其它三季的PM2.5都是T组 > Q组,与石英膜的纤维结构不够致密有关。以T组质量浓度数据为准,与国控监测点奥体中心点公报的日均PM2.5进行比对,结果显示二者基本同步,在春冬季呈现较高的污染浓度,在夏季最低。在严重污染时(PM2.5 > 250.0 μg/m3),在线监测可能低估PM2.5而T组能更客观地记录实际污染状况。统计2014年全年污染等级分布,4~8月份基本未出现重度污染,而在冬季采暖期10~12月份,优良天数不足50%。综合分析风速、相对湿度对PM2.5质量浓度的影响,证实冬季取暖燃煤和无风、高湿、逆温的静稳天气是霾频发的主要原因。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To grasp true pollution level and long term evolution of PM2.5 in Beijing City, China, gravimetric analysis had been conducted simultaneously in CRAES, northern part of Beijing urban area during the periods from Dec. 2013 to Dec. 2014. Pairs of Teflon and quartz filters were employed as parallel for daily PM2.5 mass concentration measuring, on behalf of 375 valid sample days. Statistical summary indicated that the PM2.5 mass concentrations in winter were much higher than those in summer, with their peak value in February of 422.1 μg/m3 and the lowest value in June of 6.9 μg/m3, while the annual mean PM2.5 was about 100 μg/m3.The T and Q groups showed positive correlation but the T/Q ratio differs with seasons. The most positive correlation was found in winter, with R2=0.974 and T/Q=1.014, other two seasons also show higher T than Q, except spring. As T group served better than Q group, we chose T for linear-regression analysis with daily reported online data of PM2.5.Results showed the same seasonal variations, with the highest mass concentrations in winter, but difference distinct when PM2.5 > 250.0 μg/m3, because of the underestimation of online measurement. The monthly distribution of PM2.5 pollution level proved that the best air quality appeared in summer, from April to August, while in winter it presented the most serious pollution, with over 50% of pollution days. After analyzing the comprehensive influence of RH and WS on PM2.5, we figured out that the primary cause of PM2.5 pollution episodes was increased coal consumption needed in winter, combined with poor diffusion conditions such as low wind speed, high humidity and temperature inversion. |
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