地球与环境

文章摘要

苦荞低镉积累品种筛选及富集转运特征分析

Screening of Low Cadmium Accumulation Cultivars of Tartary Buckwheat and Analysis of the Characteristics of Bioconcentration and Transportation

投稿时间：2021-02-27 修订日期：2021-05-13

DOI：10.14050/j.cnki.1672-9250.2021.49.083

中文关键词: Cd;低积累;苦荞品种;富集;转运

英文关键词: cadmium;low accumulation;tartary buckwheat varieties;bioconcentration;transportation

基金项目:贵州大学引进人才科研项目（贵大人基合字（2019）06号）；贵州省科技支撑计划项目（黔科合支撑[2019]2846号）；贵州省科技厅科技基础条件平台项目（黔科合平台人才[2019]5701号）。

作者	单位	E-mail
毛旭¹, 付天岭¹, 何腾兵¹, 龚思同¹, 舒洁², 黎诗洪¹, 马智黠³, 钱晓莉¹	1. 贵州大学资源与环境工程学院/新农村发展研究院/贵州省山地畜禽养殖污染控制与资源化技术工程实验室, 贵阳 550025 2. 贵州雏阳生态环保科技有限公司, 贵阳 550025 3. 贵州威宁县山地特色农业科学研究院贵州毕节 553100	xiaoliroap2000@163.com

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中文摘要:

以贵州省毕节市7个本地苦荞品种为供试对象，采用田间小区模式，研究受Cd污染的农用地上，不同品种苦荞植株对Cd的积累能力差异，探讨苦荞不同部位对Cd的富集转运能力，筛选出低Cd积累品种并分析其应用前景。结果表明，（1）7个苦荞品种根部与籽粒两个部位Cd含量存在显著性差异，根部表现在黔苦4号（2.31 mg/kg）与黔苦6号（1.41 mg/kg）差异显著，籽粒表现在黔苦2号（0.22 mg/kg）与黔苦3号（0.12 mg/kg）差异显著；（2）Cd在苦荞不同部位富集能力表现出叶 > 茎≈根 > 颖壳 > 籽粒的特征，苦荞主要将Cd积累在根、茎、叶部位，籽粒对Cd的富集转运能力较低；（3）7个苦荞品种地上部分富集系数与转运系数皆小于1，其中黔黑苦1号与黔苦3号籽粒Cd浓度为0.12 mg/kg，植株、籽粒Cd积累量的系统聚类分析将其列为较低值类品种，可推选为低Cd积累品种；（4）低Cd积累苦荞品种的筛选对威宁Cd污染土壤的安全利用具有重要意义，供试7个苦荞品种籽粒Cd超标率为100%，当地部门应关注苦荞Cd超标问题，加强选育适宜该地区种植的低Cd积累苦荞品种。

英文摘要:

In order to obtain low Cd accumulation buckwheat varieties suitable for Bijie area of Guizhou Province, an experiment was carried out in local fields. The accumulation ability of Cd in different buckwheat varieties under moderate Cd contamination was studied, the absorption and transport ability of Cd in different parts of buckwheat was studied, low Cd accumulation varieties were screened out and the application of buckwheat was analyzed. The results showed that, (1) There was a significant difference in Cd content between root and grain of 7 Tartary buckwheat varieties. The difference between root of Qianku 4 (2.31 mg/kg) and Qianku 6 (1.41 mg/kg) was significant, and the difference between grain of Qianku 2 (0.22 mg/kg) and Qianku 3 (0.12 mg/kg) was significant. (2) The enrichment ability of Cd in different parts of Tartary buckwheat was leaf>stem and root>glume>grain. Tartary buckwheat mainly accumulated Cd in root, stem and leaf, but the ability of Cd accumulation and transportation in grains was low. (3) The enrichment coefficient and transport coefficient of above ground part of 7 tartary buckwheat varieties were less than 1. The Cd concentration in grains of Qianheiku 1 and Qianku 3 was 0.12 mg/kg. The systematic cluster analysis of Cd accumulation in plants and grains of Tartary buckwheat classified them as low Cd accumulation varieties. (4) The selection of Tartary buckwheat varieties with low Cd accumulation is of great significance for the safe utilization of Cd-contaminated soil in Weining of Guizhou. The over-standard rate of Cd for 7 tested Tartary buckwheat varieties was 100%. The local authorities should pay attention to the problem of over-standard Cd of Tartary buckwheat varieties and strengthen the selection and breeding of varieties with low Cd accumulation that are suitable for planting in this region.

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